Cov kws kho qhov muag tiam neeg laus feem ntau nug seb lawv puas muaj iav lossis siv lead ua iav, thiab thuam cov iav resin uas peb feem ntau hnav niaj hnub no. Vim tias thaum lawv thawj zaug kov cov iav resin, cov txheej txheem txheej ntawm cov iav resin tsis tau tsim txaus, thiab muaj qhov tsis zoo xws li tsis hnav-resistant thiab yooj yim tawm cov xim. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau lub tuam txhab tsim khoom thiab cov khw muag khoom muaj cov iav iav uas yuav tsum tau muag, yog li qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov iav resin tau raug ua kom loj hlob rau ib lub sijhawm.
Cov iav tsom iav muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev tiv taus kev hnav thiab qhov ntsuas refractive siab. Tab sis nws qhov hnyav thiab kev yooj yim tawg ua rau nws raug hloov los ntawm cov iav tsom iav resin. Nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, cov txheej txheem txheej txheem tsim los ntawm kev lag luam tsim cov iav tsom iav tau daws ntau yam teeb meem thaum pib ntawm kev tsim cov iav tsom iav resin. Tsab xov xwm no yuav qhia koj luv luv txog kev txheej txheem ntawm cov iav tsom iav, yog li koj tuaj yeem nkag siab zoo dua txog cov txheej txheem ntawm cov iav tsom iav uas koj hnav thiab lawv keeb kwm kev loj hlob.
Feem ntau peb muaj peb hom txheej txheej rau ntawm cov iav tsom iav, uas yog, txheej txheej uas tiv taus kev hnav, txheej txheej tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam, thiab txheej txheej tiv thaiv kev qias neeg. Cov txheej txheej sib txawv siv cov ntsiab cai sib txawv. Feem ntau peb paub tias xim keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm ob lub iav tsom iav resin thiab iav tsom iav tsis muaj xim, thiab cov xim tsaus ntawm peb cov iav tsom iav feem ntau yog los ntawm cov txheej no.
Zaj duab xis uas tsis yooj yim hnav
Piv rau cov iav tsom iav (lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm iav yog silicon dioxide, uas yog cov khoom siv inorganic), qhov saum npoo ntawm cov iav tsom iav ua los ntawm cov khoom siv organic yooj yim hnav. Muaj ob hom khawb ntawm qhov saum npoo ntawm cov iav tsom iav uas tuaj yeem pom los ntawm kev soj ntsuam microscope. Ib qho yog ua los ntawm cov xuab zeb me me thiab cov xuab zeb. Txawm hais tias cov khawb tsis tob thiab me me, tus neeg hnav tsis yooj yim cuam tshuam, tab sis thaum cov khawb no sib sau ua ke rau qee qhov, qhov xwm txheej teeb pom kev zoo los ntawm kev khawb yuav cuam tshuam loj heev rau tus neeg hnav lub zeem muag. Kuj tseem muaj qhov khawb loj los ntawm cov xuab zeb loj dua lossis lwm yam khoom tawv. Hom khawb no tob thiab sab nraud yog ntxhib. Yog tias qhov khawb nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub lens, nws yuav cuam tshuam rau tus neeg hnav lub zeem muag. Yog li ntawd, zaj duab xis tiv taus hnav tau tshwm sim.
Cov zaj duab xis uas tsis hnav tau kuj tau dhau los ntawm ntau tiam neeg ntawm kev txhim kho. Thaum xub thawj, nws tau pib xyoo 1970. Lub sijhawm ntawd, nws ntseeg tias lub iav tsis hnav vim nws qhov nyuaj siab, yog li ntawd txhawm rau ua kom lub lens resin muaj tib qho kev hnav tsis kam, txoj kev nqus tsev tau siv. , ib txheej ntawm cov khoom siv quartz yog plated rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub lens organic. Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj cov coefficients thermal expansion sib txawv ntawm ob cov ntaub ntawv, cov txheej txheej yooj yim poob tawm thiab brittle, thiab cov nyhuv hnav tsis kam tsis zoo. Ib tiam tshiab ntawm thev naus laus zis yuav tshwm sim txhua kaum xyoo yav tom ntej, thiab cov txheej txheej hnav tsis kam tam sim no yog cov txheej zaj duab xis sib xyaw ntawm cov organic matrix thiab cov khoom inorganic. Tus thawj coj txhim kho qhov tawv ntawm cov zaj duab xis hnav tsis kam, thiab qhov kawg ua rau qhov nyuaj. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ob qho ua tiav qhov zoo hnav tsis kam.
Txheej tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam
Cov tsom iav uas peb hnav zoo ib yam li cov iav tiaj tiaj, thiab lub teeb uas ci rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov tsom iav tsom iav kuj yuav cuam tshuam. Hauv qee kis tshwj xeeb, cov kev cuam tshuam uas peb cov tsom iav tsim tawm tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis yog rau tus neeg hnav xwb tab sis kuj rau tus neeg uas saib tus neeg hnav, thiab thaum lub sijhawm tseem ceeb, qhov xwm txheej no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj xwm txheej loj rau kev nyab xeeb. Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj los ntawm qhov xwm txheej no, cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam tau tsim.
Cov txheej tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam yog raws li kev hloov pauv thiab kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb. Hauv kev hais yooj yim, cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam tau coated rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub lens tsom iav, yog li lub teeb cuam tshuam uas tsim los ntawm pem hauv ntej thiab tom qab ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab cuam tshuam nrog ib leeg, yog li ntawd them rau lub teeb cuam tshuam thiab ua tiav cov nyhuv ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam.
Zaj duab xis tiv thaiv kev ua qias tuaj
Tom qab lub lens nto raug txheej nrog cov txheej tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam, nws yooj yim heev kom tawm cov xim. Qhov no yuav txo qhov "muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam" thiab lub peev xwm pom ntawm lub lens. Qhov laj thawj rau qhov no yog tias cov txheej txheej tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam muaj cov qauv microporous, yog li qee cov hmoov av me me thiab cov roj av yooj yim tawm ntawm qhov chaw lens. Kev daws teeb meem rau qhov xwm txheej no yog txheej ib zaj duab xis sab saud rau saum cov zaj duab xis tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam, thiab kom tsis txhob txo qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov zaj duab xis tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam, qhov tuab tiv thaiv kev ua qias tuaj ntawm cov txheej no yuav tsum nyias heev.
Ib lub lens zoo yuav tsum muaj ib zaj duab xis sib xyaw ua los ntawm peb txheej no, thiab txhawm rau txhim kho lub peev xwm tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam, yuav tsum muaj ntau txheej ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam. Feem ntau, qhov tuab ntawm cov txheej tiv thaiv kev hnav yog 3 ~ 5um, cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam ntau txheej yog li 0.3 ~ 0.5um, thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv kev ua qias tuaj tsawg tshaj plaws yog 0.005um ~ 0.01um. Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab los ntawm sab hauv mus rau sab nraud yog cov txheej tiv thaiv kev hnav, cov txheej tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam ntau txheej thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv kev ua qias tuaj.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Rau Hli-08-2022